Tampilkan postingan dengan label engineering projects. Tampilkan semua postingan
Tampilkan postingan dengan label engineering projects. Tampilkan semua postingan

Automobile engineering projects: Six-Stroke cycle internal combustion engine


Title: Computer controlled Six-Stroke cycle internal combustion engine its method of operation.
Department: Automobile engineering, Mechanical engineering.
Can be used for: Paper presentations, Final year engineering projects for Mech and Automobile engineering students.

The below project is an important concept for the automobile engineering students. Due to the advancement in the field of auto technology, understanding and working on these kinds of topics have become highly important for us. This invention and paper was by Satnarine Singh. Normally many automobile engineers and project enthusiast will have an interest towards developing an engine or a motor by themselves. But mostly these ideas wont turn into effective engineering projects because, it is not innovative and impressive for your exams and marks. So from the engineering examination perspective, innovation and extra effort is needed. So this SIX-STROKE engine will definitely help you! Non-technically this be project is basically to design an internal combustion engine that operates on a six-stroke cycle and which may include one or more piston and cylinder assemblies.



Sample from this automobile engineering projects: 
The present invention is directed towards a computer controlled internal combustion (IC) engine, and its method of operation, designed to operate on a six-stroke cycle and specifically includes the injection of water into the combustion chamber or cylinder of each of a plurality of piston and cylinder assemblies, during a predetermined portion of the six-stroke cycle. More specifically, the quantity and timing of the water injection is controlled and regulated to the extent that the injected water is prevented from turning into steam even after reaching sufficiently high temperatures because of the continuously increasing pressure within the cylinder, due to the compression of gases therein, to the extent that the water is maintained in a liquid state until the beginning of an intended "auxiliary" power stroke. More specifically, the IC engine of the present invention comprises at least one, but preferably a plurality of piston and cylinder assemblies. Each such piston and cylinder assembly includes a cylinder which serves as a combustion chamber having a piston reciprocally mounted therein, and further including intake and exhaust valves associated therewith so as to regulate the flow of fluid into an out of the cylinder. A source of ignition is also connected to each chamber and may be in the form of a spark plug, glow plug or any other applicable and/or conventional means of igniting a combustible fluid, such as a gaseous mixture of fuel and air.

Download this six-stroke engine automobile 

engineering project details here : http://goo.gl/tkfrE

RC plane construction: BE projects for aeronautical engineering students


Title: Toy airplane assembly having a microprocessor for assisting flight.
Department: Aeronautical, Airplane designing, Model flight, RC flight.
Can be used for: Engineering projects, BE projects for Aeronautical engineering students.

The Aeronautical engineering project is to construct a Toy air plane. The original inverter of this projects is Jeffrey G. Rehkemper et al. The Aeronautical project is a dream work for every engineering student of this stream! Building a toy plane by themselves and making it work with a handheld device is so cool and encouraging. 
This projects is posted here on a request from one of the Indian engineering student. So when we got this research paper, we were every interested to share it to the benefits of many other students. TO explain the basics of this BE engineering project, It is a toy airplane assembly that could fly. The main advantage of this project is the low cost and the durability. The plane assembly will also include the plane having the radio receiver and a microprocessor. The batteries are also available for the powering the PCB available. The printed circuit board will have the microprocessor and the radio receiver attached. So as usual, the plane can be operated from the handheld remote controller by the wireless communication. As the plane receives the signal by the radio receiver, the actions are taken accordingly.

Sample of this RC plane construction project: Existing propeller-driven toy airplanes utilizing radio control usually have single or twin propellers provided on the airframe. The propellers are driven by a motor, an engine or the like, so that the toy plane can be made to fly freely in the air. Existing toy airplanes generally have propellers employed only for driving the airplane. Those airplanes require an elevator or a rudder to direct the airplane upward or downward, or right or left. For such toy airplanes, a control servo and a mechanical mechanism for controlling the elevator and the rudder are necessary, and thereby the airplane is difficult to control and the weight increased. In addition, a driving source for the propellers is required to have a large output, resulting in an increase in the cost of the toy as a whole. Moreover, in respect to such control of the elevator and the rudder, responsiveness to changes in direction and elevation for the radio controlled toy is quite good. The sensitivity of the elevator and rudder to control signals from the radio controller causes the airplane to be extremely difficult to fly. Moreover, such controls require time and practice to master, thereby creating a frustrating experience and increasing the likelihood of a crash for a beginner. Due to the large number of parts in existing toy airplanes, the material used to construct the parts of existing toy airplanes, and the shape of the fuselage of existing toy airplanes, such crashes could cause substantial damage to the plane, thereby creating a frustrating flying experience for a beginner.

Download this RC flight construction project
 for engineering students here: http://goo.gl/789oh

BE projects (Aeronautical engineering): Flight Simulator

Title: Flight simulator be projects for aeronautical students.
Departments: Aeronautical engineering, Mechanical engineering.
Can be  used for: This can be used for engineering projects and engineering paper presentation competitions. 


This Aeronautical engineering project was originally invented and published under the name Nikolai Alekseevich Baranov et al. This be project is for the students who are searching their final year project topic ideas. The aeronautical engineering students do not have much help regarding the project on the internet. So we normally get more interesting requests from the aero students. One such requests was to post a project paper on "Flight simulator". Flight simulator, is one of the most oldest and interesting research topics for the aeronautical enthusiasts, it all started back in the 1918 (During the World war 1). Basically , The Flight simulator is a concept that artificially re-creates the aircraft flight ad various aspects of the flight environment. This statement includes the features like, How to fly an aircraft, how the plane reacts to the various external conditions like. air density, turbulence, cloud, rain, and more. Flight simulation aeronautical engineering projects are used for a wide range of applications like designing, controlling and more. 

Abstract of this Aeronautical engineering project: (BE projects for students)
The invention is embodied in the form of a flight simulator in the conditions of vortex danger and in conditions when a pilot is informed about the possibility to penetrate into said dangerous area of vortex sheddings produced by a vortex generator. The inventive simulator is embodies in the form of modular variants and comprises a module (9) for imitating vortex conditions for determining the trajectory and intensity of the vortex sheddings of vortex generators as the population of vorticity areas, a module for imitating the action of vortex disturbances on an aircraft and for determining additional forces and torques induced by the vortex sheddings of vortex generators, a module for the parameters of the dangerous area of the vortex disturbances, a warning module for calculating the vortex disturbances danger on a modulated control plane located in front of the aircraft at an anticipated distance therefrom equal to a distance which is covered by the aircraft during a..

Download this BE projects details and paper here: goo.gl/5QTcj
More Useful links :

Automobile engineering projects: Disc brake system with ABS technology


Title: Disc brake system with ABS
Departments: Automobile engineering, Brake system designing.
Can be used for: Final year engineering projects, Automobile engineering paper presentations.

This projects is posted as a reply for the request from our regular reader an engineering student from INDIA. He actually wanted a final year automobile engineering project idea. He wanted to do a project on the braking system in the vehicles. Doing a project and paper on this topic is really a good idea. We know that ABS braking system stand for Anti-lock bracing system is a german technology that is now widely employed in most of the vehicles. This technology is to prevent the wheel skidding by the wheel continuing to interact tractively with the surface of the road as directed by the driver. So, now according to the project here, An ABS system will have two axially sliceable discs and four pads that are biased to have light random contact in the off brake position. The brake operator, operates the brake pads with about one half of the usual brake pressure and about double the number of usual braking and releasing cycles. So due to this effect of pads and discs, the pads have reduced residual torque drag during the break release cycle and have reduced hysteresis.

Sample form this automobile engineering project: Typically, production vehicles, such as automobiles having a Automatic Braking System (ABS) employ a single brake disc fixed to the wheel hub and a sliding brake caliper mounted on a suspension member of the vehicle. Operation of a brake foot pedal by the operator with excessive force is sensed by a sensor, and a deceleration of the wheel is sensed by a wheel position or speed sensor mounted adjacent the wheel. The wheel speed sensor particularly monitors for front wheel locking up while in the braking condition with  its loss of steerability and its longer stopping distance. The stopping distance of the vehicle may be made shorter if the wheels are operated iteratively at a low slip rather than a longer, fully locked or skid condition. The brake caliper is preferably operated at a high brake torque "apply" rate to  increase brake torque for quick response. Additionally, caliper preferably is operated at a "high release" rate to decrease brake torque for quick response when the condition of lock-up is sensed as about to begin to allow the wheel to accelerate to a velocity approaching the vehicle velocity.
Download this Automobile project (Disc brake with ABS system) here : http://goo.gl/PKg1i

Java Project for IT & CSE: Bug tracking system


Title: Bug tracking system (JAVA project, it project)
Departments: Computer science, Information technology, Software development.
Can be used for: BE project, be it projects, paper presentations, Development of better coding ideas.

This is an engineering project that can be used by the it and computer science students. This is a project package which is ready for the presentation. This can be downloaded and used directly for a short assignment.  This project pack contains all the needed diagrams, documentation and presentation. All the details are collected from the source internet. This project is about "BUG tracking system", this technique is used by the software development department to trace a bug the exist in the code. It is also used in the open source software, as an attachment to help the used to report any problem in the software to the development team at the remote. By all these ways the bug system technology is used for the betterment of the software team.

Sample and screen shot of the Java project:

Download this complete computer science project details here : http://goo.gl/dcf8g

CSE engineering project: Internet data Synchronization tool (With full coding)

Title: Internet Data synchronization tool.
Department: Computer science, Information technology, software development.
Can be used: CSE projects, Final year project, engineering projects and educational purposes.

This project we found while surfing on some of the top engineering forums. The best thing about this computer science engineering projects is, this project folder contains all the needed information readymade for you. This will be a great help for young students who are in need of a ready material, for some immediate seminar or project display. The pack contains that presentation in .ppt format and the documentation and the entire coding of this project. This project is about making the offline surfing more efficient.
Internet Data Synchronization Tool uses Google code gear to avail the facility of working off line, and providing the data synchronization when connection get reestablish.
Internet Data Synchronization Tool provides APIs for offline application access and data storage.  These APIs let developers build applications that can run even if the web server can't be contacted, and allow those applications to store data offline using SQL syntax.
During development of IDST we experimented with much different architecture for offline web enabled web applications, now we briefly Look at some of them and explore their advantages and disadvantages As we experimented we found some common themes. All the offline Enabled applications we created had the following design issues that Need to be addressed: and more..



Mechanical engineering project: Waste heat recycling power plant

Title: Method and apparatus for a waste heat recycling thermal power plant
Departments: Mechanical engineering, Energy engineering.
Can be used for: Mechanical engineering projects, Mechanical engineering paper presentations, energy related study and seminars

This was very much a interesting patent by Timothy Michael kirby et al. This paper was found, when we were searching on a request from one of our readers. The request was to fetch him a paper presentation related to  "Thermal power plant". For most of the mechanical engineering students with thermal power plant is one of the favorite topic. So, this is the second post on this topic and we are planning to go with more! To describe this paper, a waste heat recycling power plant, this extracts the heat energy from the environment and concentrates that heat to produce a cfc super ambient temperature heat source. So this concentrated heat is sufficient to supply a usable heat flow to a heat engine flow circuit. And over this the paper also cover more related the heat sink and more.

Sample from this heat recycling engineering project: In accordance with the present invention a waste heat recycling thermal power plant comprises a multitude of interacting volatile working fluid(s) circuits that generate a thermal potential between itself and an employable external heat source, extracting useable heat from that heat source (to replace the heat converted to mechanical energy or otherwise lost from the system), generating a super-ambient temperature heat source and a sub-ambient temperature heat sink, whose thermal potential is capable of providing a useable heat flow to fuel its incorporated heat engine, recycling collected system thermal losses and much of the useable heat flow that is rejected by its incorporated heat engine to its super-ambient temperature heat source, and the resultant mechanical power output produced by its incorporated heat engine is employed to drive a mechanical load (e.g., gearbox, electrical generator, propeller shaft, etc.).

Download this mechanical engineering project details here: http://goo.gl/OiF2I

Engineering projects: Repeaterless fiber optics communication.

Fiber optics engineering project ideas.pngTitle: Repeater less branch powered fiber optic communication.
Departments: Communication, Electronics and electrical, Telecommunication.
Can be used for: Paper presentation and related study.

This is a project that falls under the subject of "FIber optics communication". this papers idea was invented by Lars Erik Eskildsen, Evan Lee Goldstein, Per Bang Hansen. The basics of this paper presentation can be stated in this manner. The title suggests that the engineering project in the fiber optics is to design a network with branches that is repeater less. This idea is to construct a fiber network, configured in the ring topology with number of hubs in the network and one or more branching its interconnected in that. the branching units are designed to add/drop the signals along the path of the network. The engineering projects on fiber optics is to reduce the loss and remove the repeaters still make that network effective with the optical amplifiers.

Sample of this fiber optics project: The specification relates to a repeaterless branch powered fiber optic communications system. The system comprises an optical fiber cable trunk, configured in ring topology, with one or more telecommunications hub, and one or more branching unit serially interconnected therein. Branching units are provided as convenient add/drop points along the extend to cable stations. Cable stations insert and extract telecommunications traffic from the trunk ring over the branch fiber optic cables. In addition, the branch fiber optic cables are also coupled to light emitting power sources. The branch fiber optic cables deliver the energy produced from these power sources to optical amplifiers serially embedded within the branch fiber optic cables, the branching units, or the optical fiber cable trunks. The optical amplifiers convert the energy delivered from the branch fiber optic cables into amplified telecommunications signals. Thus, remote pumping or energy delivery is achieved without the requirement of additional optical fiber cable runs and further, using solely passive repeaterless components.

Download this engineering project here: http://goo.gl/1NJZx

Mini project: Motion sensor projects for students

Title: Motion sensor for security light.
Department: Electronics, electrical.
Can be used: Mini project, pre-final year projects, education purposes. 

This is an other project that was originally hosted by EFY, ideas and design by George varkey. This is another effective electronic project that is working with the help of a PIR motion detector module. Here the project is mainly designed for two purposes, to make the corridor light work in the power saving mode and security device. This project published in the EFY was highly effective and working perfectly. We would strongly recommend to use this circuit diagram and try this for mini project and hobby projects. All the components in the circuit diagram are easily available in the market.


Download this project details here: http://goo.gl/BdMwa

Digital image processing, Engineering projects


Title: Device for performing image processing based on the image attribute.
Department: Computer science, communication engineering, image processing.
Can be used for: Educational presentation, engineering seminars, engineering projects, final year projects and more

Image processing projects is one of the hot topics for the students of the departments like computer science and communication. image processing seem so attractive to students basically because of the general nature of this subject. I fount this project on the web which was invented by Tsutomu sakaue. The overview of this project can be given like, This present engineering project on image processing proves an image processing device that evil be able to compress the information volume of attribute data by vectorizing the attribute data. The transmitting device will have a attribute separating unit that will extract the att. data from the original image, a vectorizing unit will vectorize the att. data and transmits the vectorized att. data that was already vectorized by the vectorization processing unit together with the image data .his is receive in the the other end and the data is retrieved by inverting the same process at the receiver end Thus this project works. 

Sample of this research paper on image processing: 1. Field of the Invention: The present invention relates to an image processing device and an imaging processing method for performing image processing based on attribute of an image, as well as a computer-readable medium for performing the image processing method. 2. Description of the Related Art: In recent years, along with the spread of technologies such as intranets and the Internet, it is becoming typical to use image processing devices in an office over a network. For this reason, whereas image processing devices for producing copies have been used as stand-alone devices, it has now become possible to use such devices over a network. In other words, it has become possible to produce copies using different image processing devices over a network 

Download this image processing project here: http://goo.gl/RXYSP

Mini projects: Electronic Security system

Title: Electronic security system
Departments: Electronics, Electrical, instrumentation., and more.
Can be used for: Education purpose, engineering study and projects, mini projects.


This is a latest project that i came across at EFY which is designed by K. BHARATHAN. As our team is searching of some good projects to share them among the student community, we found this "electronic security system". The working of this projects can be stated as, This project is basically a security system which can be used at houses and offices. which are having a "sense switch" that is just meant to be fixed along the doors and monitored from a mobile place. if the doors with the sense switches are opened or disturbed then the circuit is designed to ring a alarm that is attached. having a circuit with such basic electronic components which can be easily found in our common market make this projects cool. The projects could be stated as one of the best choices for the hobby tries and mini projects. 


Wireless Vehicle/Automobile security system project

Title: Interactive wireless vehicle security system.
Department: Electronics and communication, Automobile, Networking, computers, security.
Can be used for: Paper presentations, final year projects, research work for students and others.

This projects idea was an inspiration from this paper by Wang Qiahe et al. This paper by him is on the security system for the vehicles via wireless communication. This is one of the projects that most of the young engineers get attracted. This attraction is due to the various number of fields this project cover. subjects like networking, communication, embedded, automobiles and more. This is such an interesting project to work on. The simple working of this projects idea can be stated as following, This has an security system designed that detects intrusive activities in and around a vehicle and transmits the message (warning message). the speciality about this project is that, it also adds specific description of the warning in the same message through a wireless telephone network to the administrator or the owner's assigned contact. So that in response that message the admin or the contact will be able to establish a remote wireless communication with the security system and get further information.

Sample of this paper presentation / engineering project: The CPU can also be programmed to take other actions automatically, through the GSM module and/or the vehicle control interface, in response to specific intrusion indicators. For example, in response to intrusion sensors indicating vehicle vibration or movement in the vehicle's vicinity, the CPU can send a command through the vehicle control interface to lock the doors and sound the vehicle's horn or alarm siren. If one of the intrusion sensors indicates that the vehicle has been tilted, on the other hand, the CPU can be programmed to select from the message ROM the message that the vehicle is being towed away by a thief and to transmit that message through the communication interface to the GSM module, with direction that it be sent to police and emergency telephone numbers. And in response to a pressure reading from the gas pedal sensor, the CPU can be programmed to send a command through the vehicle control interface to disable the fuel pump so that fuel will stop flowing to the engine.

When the owner receives a message from the base unit specifying the type of intrusion and time of occurrence, he or she can initiate a number of responsive actions from the keypad, from a remote telephone, or, if supported by the local GSM service provider, from a computer or PDA. When the owner contacts the base unit through the GSM module, he or she can access the CPU by entering a pre-programmed password. Password authentication causes the CPU to access the menu ROM containing a series of digital voice instructions and menu prompts eliciting alternate choices. The menu prompts begin with the most general main menu level and progress to more specific sub-menus based on the owner's responses. The menu prompts are transmitted through the communication interface to the GSM module and from there to the owner.

Home automation security project (complete paper)


Title: Home automation security system project.
Department: Computer science, Automation, Networking, Communication.
Can be used for: To improve ideas in automation projects, develop home security projects and research papers, paper presentations.

This engineering project is an patent by Thomas J. Hackman et al. This paper will provide you with the details of the titled project. The topic of automation and security is in top notch in the research field. For those students who are interested in this topic "Automation projects" this paper will be very useful. To explain this paper in simple words, the projects is developed for home and office purposes. A computer network controlled and monitored automation system in which a residential server controls and monitors security and other computer controllable systems in the same house/office. 

Sample of this paper presentation / engineering project: A network overview of a current industry standard for Web control of a home automation system. Such prior-art home automation systems place a Web server in each of the homes that remote users can directly connect to outside of the home, such as, for example, via a laptop while traveling or via a PC while at work. To access the user's home automation system, the remote user simply 'surfs' directly to a Web server that is located in the home. This Web server is usually directly connected to the Internet and very exposed to hackers. For example, the data connections shown in FIG. 1 are all established via plain text HTTP requests (unencrypted). A primary disadvantage with this prior-art system is that a Web server directly connected to the Internet is often exposed to hackers. If proper precautions are taken, the risk to someone hacking into the home can be minimized but not eliminated. The home is an attractive target to hackers for many obvious reasons. The most common vulnerabilities to the systems that are sought after are flaws in the operating system, Web server or ancillary services. Operating system manufacturers are constantly releasing patches to repair recently discovered security flaws or to stop newly invented hacking tools. Corporations usually have someone on their IT staff actively monitoring their servers, installing all of the latest security patches, and reacting to stop intrusions. Homeowners, on the other hand, will unlikely have the technical background to perform this task, and a system initially intended to make their life easier should not place this type of burden upon them.

Download this engineering project / Paper presentation here: http://goo.gl/ndRZa

Humanoid Robots : Paper presentations

Title: Humanoid Robots (Human arm robot).
Departments: Computer science, Robotics, Electronics and communication, mechanical.
Can be used for: Paper presentation events, Research purpose, engineering projects.

Humanoids are robots. which perform the function that are assigned like a computer but still look and resemble a human in the looks and structure. This humanoids technology is one of the most welcomed and funded department in the research and development field. This is also called as the anthropomorphic robots. Most of these types of robots are made to work in the human environment as a substitute for them. As these machines are designed in the human form, they'll be more natural to adopt in our daily life than other robots Not all humanoids will have the entire human anatomy humanoids will most be constructed like a human arm shaped robot, leg shaped, body above the waist and more.

This link will be helpful for the young beginners to understand the working of humanoids: http://goo.gl/pRirO


Sample of this paper presentation
A humanoid forearm and hand configuration has a hand conformation such as to be capable of mimicking substantially all of the movements of the human hand, the several component parts of the hand and the wrist-simulating joint coupling the hand to the radius-seeking joint of the forearm being angularly movable with respect to one another each by separate tendon means connected to respective ones of a large number of tightly packed space-seeking jostling air muscles clustered around a radius-simulating shaft.

Download this robotics paper presentation here: http://goo.gl/4fAHi

BE projects / paper presentation : Embedded systems, in military applications

Engineering project and paper presentations for the topic embedded systems :

This is an projects / paper presentation on the mentioned topics which fall under the category embedded system in military and defense applications. this was collected and presented by our HE team in reply for the request from our reader. This post consist of a be project for electronics and communication engineering. The mentioned paper presentation is an patent paper, which is to be used for educational purposes only. This project is highly technical and only for engineers with the guidance of their staff.

Projects level is expert and this can be very well used for paper presentation competitions for electronics engineering students. There are other basic embedded system papers and seminars for students who are looking for simpler and basic concepts.



Download this projects or paper presentation with real time models :

Automatic phase changer circuit


In three-phase applications, if low voltage is available in any or two phases, and you want your equipment to work on normal voltage, this circuit will solve your problem. However, a proper-rating fuse needs to be used in the input lines (R, Y and B) of each phase. The circuit provides correct voltage in the same supply line through relay from the other phase where correct voltage is available. using it you can operate all your equipment even when correct voltage is available on a single phase in the building.

The circuit is built around a transformer, comparator, transistor and relay. Three identical sets of this circuit, one each for three phases, are used. Let us now consider the working of the circuit connecting red cable (call it ‘R’ phase).



Download this article here: http://www.mediafire.com/?m63f6ek53s97tu0

Collection of circuits with 555 IC for projects.


The mini project collection!

This pdf contains a collection of ten unique circuits with some explanation. all the circuits are constructed with the core idea of the 555 timer IC.

SAMPLE CONTENT:
Fig. 1, Dark Detector: It will sound an alarm if it gets too dark all over sudden. For example, this circuit could be used to notify when a lamp (or bulb) burns out. The detector used is a regular cadmium-sulphide Light Dependent Resistor or LDR, for short, to sense the absence of light and to operate a small speaker. The LDR enables the alarm when light falls below a certain level.

Fig. 2, Power Alarm: This circuit can be used as a audible 'Power-out Alarm'. It uses the 555 timer as an oscillator biased off by the presence of line-based DC voltage. When the line voltage fails, the bias is removed,and the tone will be heard in the speaker. R1 and C1 provide the DC bias that charges capacitor Ct to over 2/3voltage, thereby holding the timer output low (as you learned previously). Diode D1 provides DC bias to the timer-supply pin and, optionally, charges a rechargeable 9-volt battery across D2. And when the line power fails, DC is furnished to the timer through D2.
Fig. 3 Tilt Switch: Actually really a alarm circuit, it shows how to use a 555 timer and a small glass encapsulated mercury switch to indicate 'tilt'. The switch is mounted in its normal 'open' position, which allows the timer output to stay low, as established by C1 on startup. When S1 is disturbed, causing its contacts to be bridged by the mercury blob, the 555 latch is set to a high output level where it will stay even if the switch is returned to its starting position. The high output can be used to enable an alarm of the visual or the audible type. Switch S2 will silent the alarm and reset the latch. C1 is a ceramic 0.1uF (=100 nano-Farad) capacitor.


Water Level Indicator With Alarm : Project and circuits


Project: Water Level Indicator With Alarm

Here is a simple, versatile cir- cuit which indicates the level of water in a tank. This circuit produces alarm when water level is below the lowest level L1 and also when water just touches the highest level L12. The circuit is designed to display 12 different levels. However, these display levels can be increased or decreased depending upon the level resolution required. This can be done by increasing or decreasing the number of level detector metal strips (L1 to L12) and their associated components. In the circuit, diodes D1, D2 and D13 form half-wave rectifiers. The rectified output is filtered using capacitors C1 through C3 respectively. Initially, when water level is below strip L1, the mains supply frequency oscillations are not transferred to diode D1. Thus its output is low and LED1 does not glow. Also, since base voltage of transister T1 is low, it is in cut-off state and its collector voltage is high, which enables tone generating IC1 (UM66) and alarm is sounded. When water just touches level detector strip L1, the supply frequency oscillations are transferred to diode D1. It rectifies the supply voltage and a positive DC voltage develops across capacitor C1, which lights up LED1. At the same time base voltage for transistor T1 becomes high, which makes it forward biased and its collector voltage falls to near-ground potential. This disables IC1 (UM66) and alarm cannot be sounded. Depending upon quantity of water present in the tank, corresponding level indicating LEDs glow. It thus displays intermediate water levels in the tank in bar-graph style. When water in the tank just touches the highest level detector strip L12, the DC voltage is developed across capacitor C2. This enables tone generating IC1 (UM66) and alarm is again sounded. 

Html project: online shopping website codes

Computer science project, online shopping websites




Download this project here:
http://www.mediafire.com/?hlrq6mb5eyck3jb
http://www.mediafire.com/?w34edjd91ep485b

Finger print security system


This is the circuit designed as a hobby project. Here, a fingerprint module has been automated to create an automated fingerprint security system. This circuit uses the Atmel IC 2051 i.e. AT89C2051 an 8-bit micro controller IC.AT89C2051 is a low voltage, high performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 2K bytes of flash programmable and erasable read-only memory (PEROM).It has operating range from 2.7V to 6V. AT89C2051 is also equipped within by a 128x8-bit internal RAM and two 16-bit counters. Also, general purpose switching and amplification transistors BC547 have been used in the circuit.
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